Why are narrow spectrum antibiotics generally preferred over broad spectrum antibiotics?

Narrow spectrum antibiotics are generally preferred because they specifically target a limited range of bacteria. This targeted approach significantly helps in reducing the emergence of bacterial resistance. When broad spectrum antibiotics are used, they can kill not only the harmful bacteria causing an infection but also beneficial bacteria that help maintain a balanced microbiome. The disturbance of this balance can lead to the overgrowth of resistant bacteria.

By using narrow spectrum antibiotics, healthcare providers are more likely to preserve the normal microbial flora of the patient and decrease the likelihood of resistant strains emerging. This focused action is crucial in bacterial infections, where the goal is to eliminate the pathogen effectively while minimizing the potential for resistance development. Thus, employing narrow spectrum antibiotics is aligned with current antibiotic stewardship practices, aimed at prolonging the effectiveness of existing antibiotics and ensuring better patient outcomes.